Development of Domestic Gas Supply Obligation Model for Efficient Gas Utilisation in Nigeria
Kenneth Nduka,
Charley Iyke Anyadiegwu,
Ugochukwu Ilozuruike Duru,
Ubanozie Julian Obibuike,
Stanley Toochukwu Ekwueme
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, March 2020
Pages:
35-39
Received:
9 February 2020
Accepted:
19 February 2020
Published:
2 March 2020
Abstract: In the past government preferred to sell natural gas to international users rather than keep it for local utilisation. The possible explanation to this is that more revenue is accruable from the sale of the natural gas internationally than locally, and market instabilities further limits the choice of local supply of natural gas. This reason has led to scarcity of natural gas for local consumption leading to limited industrial progress because most industries utilise natural gas. To curb the situation, a method must be developed for proper allocation of natural gas domestically such that gas availability and assurance of local market is guaranteed. In this paper, a domestic gas supply obligation model is developed. The model was developed by determining mathematical equations relating the gas reserve, gas utilised, gas flared and gas demanded of a company. The model seeks to enhance optimum gas supply for allocation to the strategic sectors of the economy. The model is useful in mopping up gas from the gas producing multinationals and indigenous companies and redistributing it to the strategic users. The model works out the quota of gas quantities that primary producers should mandatorily supply to the national reserve. The work developed a monitory system that will persuade gas producers for compliance to the domestic gas supply obligation. The paper encouraged gas flare down management by ensuring that gases are adequately distributed and utilised locally. The model ensures that government do not lose out rightly by ensuring that each company supplies that quantity of gas it is obligated to.
Abstract: In the past government preferred to sell natural gas to international users rather than keep it for local utilisation. The possible explanation to this is that more revenue is accruable from the sale of the natural gas internationally than locally, and market instabilities further limits the choice of local supply of natural gas. This reason has le...
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Heavy Oil Production System Optimisation Using Electrical Submersible Progressive Cavity Pumps (ESPCP) in the Niger Delta
Remmy Chindu Eluagu,
Stanley Toochukwu Ekwueme,
Ubanozie Julian Obibuike
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, March 2020
Pages:
40-46
Received:
5 February 2020
Accepted:
19 February 2020
Published:
17 April 2020
Abstract: There is a growing interest which has accelerated efforts towards heavy oil production in recent years. This interest was stimulated by the rapidly exhausting conventional oil reserves which promises to leave the world, unless something is done, in less supply and scarcity of the world’s most dominant energy source. Unlike conventional light oil, heavy oil possesses inherent challenges in its exploitation. Additionally, this challenge is more evident in crude oil flow either from the reservoir or from the well. Due to high viscosity, heavy oil production requires special non-conventional technologies designed for this purpose. Much efforts have been put by researchers and manufactures of oil technologies in the area of drilling, completion, production and enhanced oil recoveries. Artificial lift methods provide suitable means of lifting crudes from wellbore to the surface when primary reservoir energy is insufficient to do so. The Niger Delta field has been dominated by gas lift activities before now majorly because the oil is light with high GOR making gas available for injection which is a major factor favouring the choice of gas lift. But the recent shift to gas project development makes gas availability more competitive and this may threaten the predominance of gas lift. Furthermore, the new interest in heavy oil field development requires that new artificial lift system be designed for Niger Delta heavy oil application as gas lift is not applicable to heavy oil fluid characteristics. In this paper, a new artificial lift pump is proposed for use. The pump is a hybrid of Electric submersible and progressive cavity pump possessing the best capabilities of the two, it is called electric submersible progressive cavity pump and has been tested to possess potentials for lifting heavy crudes.
Abstract: There is a growing interest which has accelerated efforts towards heavy oil production in recent years. This interest was stimulated by the rapidly exhausting conventional oil reserves which promises to leave the world, unless something is done, in less supply and scarcity of the world’s most dominant energy source. Unlike conventional light oil, h...
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Study of Physical Adsorption for Ethanol Gasoline on Metal Surfaces
Li Na,
Han Lu,
Guo Xin,
Tao Zhiping,
Long Jun
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, March 2020
Pages:
47-52
Received:
9 April 2020
Published:
29 May 2020
Abstract: Using molecular simulation technology based on classical mechanic methods, the physical adsorption conformation of the representative conventional gasoline molecule, ethanol molecule and its oxidation intermediates, including acetaldehyde and acetic acid, on different metal surfaces was performed. Furthermore, the interaction energy composed of van der Waals and electrostatic between the absorbed molecules and the metal surfaces was calculated to study the influence of ethanol gasoline on the metal materials in comparison with the conventional gasoline. The results concluded that iron is the most likely to make strong physical adsorption with organic molecules than other surfaces, whether it is conventional gasoline molecule or ethanol molecule, or the oxidation intermediates. It may be related to the crystal configuration, coordination, atomic electron distribution and orbitals distribution of iron surface. The most stable among the studied surfaces is copper, followed by aluminum. Acid molecules, due to the presence of carboxyl group, are the most prone to form strong adsorption on the metal surfaces. The functional additives, such as antioxidant, stabilizer, detergent, dispersant or corrosion inhibitor, were critical for ethanol gasoline to avoid the undesirable influences. ESP distribution and the charges of the module molecules were calculated to make further analysis based on quantum theory.
Abstract: Using molecular simulation technology based on classical mechanic methods, the physical adsorption conformation of the representative conventional gasoline molecule, ethanol molecule and its oxidation intermediates, including acetaldehyde and acetic acid, on different metal surfaces was performed. Furthermore, the interaction energy composed of van...
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